Later, the Chippewas adapted European costume such as cloth blouses and jackets, decorating them with fancy beadwork. Here are more pictures of Ojibway clothing styles , and some photographs and links about Native American clothes in general.
Traditionally, the Chippewas wore leather headbands with feathers standing straight up in the back. In times of war, some Chippewa men shaved their heads in the Mohawk style, with a single strip of hair standing up high in the middle of the man's head.
Otherwise, Chippewa men and women both wore their hair in long braids. A Chippewa warrior mi ght wear a porcupine roach , which you can still see today at pow-wows. In the 's, some Chippewa chiefs began wearing long headdresses like their neighbors the Dakota Sioux.
Here are some pictures of these different styles of Native American headdress. The Chippewas painted their faces and arms with bright colors for special occasions. They used different patterns for war paint and festive decoration. Some Chippewas, especially men, also wore tribal tattoos. Today, some Chippewa people still wear moccasins or a beaded shirt, but they wear modern clothes like jeans instead of breechcloths What was Ojibway transportation like in the days before cars?
Did they paddle canoes? Ojibway birchbark canoe. Yes--the Ojibway Indian tribe was well-known for their birchbark canoes. Canoeing is still popular in the Ojibway nation today, though few people handcraft their own canoe from birch bark anymore. Here is a website of birchbark canoe pictures. Over land, Chippewa people used dogs as pack animals. There were no horses in North America until colonists brought them over from Europe. In the Chippewa joined the Western Confederacy that consisted of a league of many different tribes including the Potawatomi, Ottawa, Shawnee, Delaware, Kickapoo, Huron and the Seneca tribes.
There were no wars between the Americans and Chippewa after and the majority of the Chippewa remained in their homelands in the United States and Canada. What language did the Chippewa tribe speak? The Chippewa tribe spoke in a related dialect of the Algonquian language. The Algonquian name for them 'Ojibway' was later corrupted by the English as "Chippewa".
Their name means "Original Men" in their own language, other meanings of their name were said to mean 'people of the puckered moccasin'. They were known to the French as the Sauteux or Saulteurs meaning "People of the Falls", in reference to the place of their residence about Sault Ste. Marie on the St. Marys River in Ontario, Canada. The a name still applied to them by the French Canadian. It was painted by the famous artist George Catlin at Fort Union in George Catlin described the chief as a huge, proud man.
His buckskin shirt is beautifully embroidered and painted with symbols representing his battles and his life. His hair is decorated with eagle feathers and hair pipes and he wears a beaded choker necklace that was unique to the Chippewa Ojibwe and Cree tribes of the northern plains.
Chief Sha-co-pay was a great warrior and his battle trophies in the form of small scalp locks taken from his enemies - refer to practise of Taking Scalps in Indian Warfare. Where did the Chippewa tribe live? The location of their original tribal homelands are shown on the map. The geography of the region in which they lived dictated the lifestyle and culture of the Chippewa tribe.
The Chippewa originally lived in the western area of the Great Lakes and in Canada. They migrated to Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa and Missouri but then continued to move even further south and to the west to the Great Plains The geography of the region in which they lived dictated the lifestyle and culture of the Chippewa tribe.
Both men and women wore deerskin leggings and moccasins. Men wore a breechcloth, while women wore dresses with woven nettle or thistle fibers for petticoats. Geometric designs were created on the clothing by weaving in bones, feathers, dyed porcupine quills, shells and stones. For everyday wear, women wore simple cotton dresses or wool skirts and cotton blouses.
For special occasions, much more elaborate clothing was worn. The upper portion was folded outward over a belt. Over these, women wore loose blouses made of printed cotton cloth which had deep flounces or ruffles over the chest.
The flounces could be decorated with narrow bands of silk ribbon and dozens of small German silver brooches. Over the shoulders, a robe -- a piece of silk appliqued or beaded broadcloth the size of a small blanket -- was worn like a cape.
Despite changes in the use of cloth for larger garments, moccasins were still traditionally made of deerskin decorated with beads or ribbonwork. Women wore their hair in a single braid falling down their backs. In historic times, ribbons were often intertwined in the braid, and a comb made of German silver was added for further decoration.
For dress occasions, the traditional older style of hair decoration was the "hair-tie": the braid of hair was doubled up and tied in a "club" and wound with pieces of deerskin or beaded cloth, about five by 10 inches. Long, narrow streamers of quillwork or loomed beadwork were attached to the clubbed hair and hung nearly to the ground, swaying as the woman walked or danced.
Quillwork -- embroidery with porcupine quills -- is an art found only in North America and was part of the traditional decorative repertoire of Great Lakes Indian women. Dyed porcupine quills were sewn with sinew onto deerskin clothing, knife sheaths, and medicine bags. Quills were also woven on looms to make belts, tumplines, and decorative strips that were later applied to clothing. Pipestems were also wrapped or bound with quillwork.
Porcupine quills were also stitched on birchbark boxes in geometric and floral designs. Traditionally, quills were dyed with native vegetable dyes, but following contact with Europeans, quills could be dyed by boiling them with non-colorfast cloth, or in the 19th and 20th centuries, with commercial dyes.
For embroidery, the quills were moistened in the mouth and flattened by being pulled out between the teeth or with special bone flatteners.
Designs were made by attaching the quills to deerskin with sinew thread crossing over the quill. The quills could not be pierced or they would split. Before decorating birchbark boxes, women soaked the quills in water until they were soft, left them unflattened, and then used an awl to pierce small holes in the bark and inserted the points through the holes. The points were trimmed and bent back against the bark to hold them in place. Both floral and geometric designs were worked in this fashion.
Because the natural and dyed colors of the quills were generally light, quillwork designs were most striking on darker materials, and leather used for quill-decorated bags and moccasins was often dyed a dark brown with juice from butternut husks.
Glass beads became available after contact with Europeans. Beads made in Venice, and later in what was then Czechoslovakia, were commonly available at trading posts and reservations stores. During early periods, large beads suitable for necklaces were available, and in the nineteenth century, much smaller beads suited to embroidery were also widely sold and adapted to quillwork or painted designs which had been used to decorate clothing, bags, and other items made of leather or cloth. As compared to quillwork, the use of beads was both a labor-saving method and allowed a much wider color selection, and Native women used these opportunities to develop intricate designs for clothing and other items.
To decorate items with beadwork, women used both loom and embroidery techniques. The earliest loom was the bow loom, a bent stick with doubled-up birchbark heddles attached to each end to hold the warp threads in place. The box loom was also used -- a rectangular frame with the warp threads strung over the end bars.
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